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Philosophy Research Links
Jeremy Anderson, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor of Philosophy
  DePauw University

Important Notes
Why use these links? Because any idiot can create a web site, and millions of idiots already have. I have three sites myself. So going to Google or some other big search engine will give you a high percentage of baloney. Assignments based on baloney research get lousy grades. This page has links to sites set up by and/or for philosophers or other relevant specialists.

The links are divided into three categories:

Ordinary sites, which generally just have one sort of information, like a philosophical encyclopedia or dictionary, or an archive of texts on a relatively narrow topic. It includes resources for

Supersites, which are massive archives or collections of links to other sites. Many of the supersites link to a lot of the same sites, and some of the links may no longer be maintained or even functional. But there are still many, many sources of information about philosophical topics that can easily be found by clicking your mouse.

Military Matters, which are sites large and small relevant to war and terrorism.
If you don't find what you're after here, e-mail me for help.

Do not assume I agree with or otherwise endorse anything presented on any of the linked pages, including my own.

Ordinary sites.
Avoiding Plagiarism. In writing for philosophy courses, you generally don't just dream up your papers out of your head. Even the greatest philosophers' writings react to, and build upon, the works of others. So you are usually expected to do research--that is, look carefully at what others have said on your topic--and present it as part of your papers or presentations. But in doing so it must be clear which parts of your paper are yours and which are taken from others. Presenting others' words or even just their ideas as if they were your own is plagiarism. Avoiding it in your work is extremely important. The minimum penalty is worse than turning in no work at all, and you can be flunked and even expelled for it.

It goes without saying that you should be familiar with Charles Lipson's book Doing Honest Work in College, which gives simple rules and provides brief guides to the major citation formats. (The simplest rules are these: (1) if you got it--an idea, word(s), technique, etc.--from someone else, cite it; (2) when in doubt about whether to cite something, cite it.) But just in case, here are some sites that discuss what plagiarism is and how to avoid it:

DePauw's Academic Integrity Policy.
The policy states (among other things), "Students are responsible for knowing the academic integrity policy and may not use ignorance of the policy as an excuse for dishonesty." So you should read it carefully.
DePauw Writing Center.
The W-Center has a number of helpful pages including a guide to avoiding plagiarism which defines and describes plagiarism and gives general guidelines for using sources in essays, and a plagiarism handout with examples.
DePauw Library's links to citation guides.
DePauw's Economics Department handouts on plagiarism.
Brandeis University's Academic Honesty Page.
Frequently Asked Questions about MLA Style.
This page on the MLA website has helpful tips about citing web pages, alphabetizing numbered sources, etc.
Purdue's OWL Plagiarism Page.
This is a nice one-page discussion of what plagiarism is and how to avoid it. If after reading it you still find yourself unsure of what to do and what not to do, I suggest going to the Brandeis page next and looking at the examples provided via the links there.
UC Irvine's tutorial on citing sources, including avoiding plagiarism.
This is part of a dandy online tutorial on how to do research which I recommend you look at. Aside from the references to UCI's own library system, this is a good page to consult before beginning your project--for example, it includes a nice section on how to evaluate web sources. UCI has also created a page with resources on citation styles and writing guides.

DePauw Library resources:

Library Home Page.
Search the General Catalog.
Browse the Philosophy section.
Electronic Reference Tools.
Online Databases.

Several of the databases you may access through the Library contain tons of philosophical content and leads to more content, including Academic Search Premier, JSTOR, Project Muse, and especially The Philosopher's Index. It may be very useful to check the online databases not only in Philosophy but also for Classical Studies, Conflict Studies, Newspapers, Political Science, Law, or Religious Studies.
Library Instruction Guide in Philosophy.
This is a selection of philosophy resources within and outside of DePauw's libraries helpfully compiled by Bruce Sanders.


Online philosophy dictionaries and encyclopedias:

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
This is, in my opinion, the second-best freely available encyclopedia of philosophy in English on the interent. It is incomplete because it depends on contributors to add and improve its entries, but what's there is generally pretty good. (By "good" here I mean reasonably well-researched and written by competent people. This is not the same as "true." As with everything in philosophy, you must be ready to take it with a grain of salt--though not with the whole shaker you need with Wikipedia.) Undergraduates new to philosophy may find it challenging.
Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy (accessible via DePauw's subscription).
Oxford Companion to Philosophy
(accessible via DePauw's subscription).
Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy (accessible via DePauw's subscription).
Terse and up to date. The REP is also available in print form in the reference section of Roy O. Another Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Paul Edwards in the 1960's, is also there; although it is older it is still a valuable resource.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
This is, in my opinion, the best freely available encyclopedia of philosophy in English on the internet. Like the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, it is incomplete, but it has a lot of entries and what's there tends to be very good. (See above proviso re "good.") Its entries often provide fine, if challenging, introductions to various areas of philosophy plus a wealth of references for further research.
Directory of Online Philosophy Encyclopedias and Dictionaries.
From SWIF (Sito Web Italiano per Filosofia). Although it is based in Italy many of its resources are in English.

Law resources (see also Military matters):

Answers.com's Legal Reference.
Contains a law dictionary and encyclopedia, biographies of important people, legal documents, and cases.
The Avalon Project at Yale Law School.
This is a large collection of documents related to law, history, and diplomacy. Its Documents Collections section includes goodies like the Federalist Papers, documents related to the Nuremberg war crimes trials, the laws of war, and all sorts of historical documents related to the US Constitution.
The Constitution Society.
The site contains a good deal of obviously partisan material, but also has an impressive collection of classic political, philosophical, and legal documents available in its Liberty Library.
Cornell University's Legal Information Institute.
This site provides access to many (though not all) decisions by the US Supreme Court, Courts of Appeal (Circuit Courts), state supreme courts, and others. One especially nice feature is its indexes of US Supreme Court decisions by topic, by party, and by author.
Famous Trials.
This site at the University of Missouri-Kansas City provides documentary materials related to famous trials from 399 BC (Socrates) through 2006 (Zacarias Moussaoui), and includes the sensational (e.g., Richard Hauptmann, Charles Manson, OJ Simpson) and trials of great historical and legal importance (e.g., the Amistad, Nuremburg).
Findlaw.com's Cases & Codes page.
Freedom of Speech in the United States.
This page at Boston College provides links to various resources specifically regarding free speech.
Law.com.
This commercial site caters to lawyers, offering legal news, links to a variety of subsidiary sites, and includes a dictionary of legal terms.
Nolo's Encyclopedia of Everyday Law (accessible through DePauw's subscription).
Open Jurist.
"OpenJurist's mission is to provide access to published court opinions without charge. We currently have over 600,000 opinions from the United States Supreme Court and United States Courts of Appeals from the First, Second and Third edition of The Federal Reports."
The Supreme Court of the United States.

Miscellaneous philosophical and related sites:
 
Access to Insight: Readings in Theravada Buddhism.
The Bentham Project.
University College, London, has a web site devoted to the life and works of the eccentric but important Utilitarian philosopher Jeremy Bentham. (No, I'm not named after him.) It is interesting that UCL's discussion of Bentham's life and post-life mentions a number of the macabre stories told about him and his remains (such as those found here and here), describing some of the stories as "legends" but not specifically denying them. Hmmmmmm.
Center for Business, Ethics and Society.
CBES is a forum at the University of Redlands for examining ethical issues in corporate and professional life. The site includes a page of ethics resources.
Classical Utilitarianism.
Frontline.
Frontline is a PBS documentary series with an accompanying web page containing lots of interesting material on a variety of topics. For example, The Execution has articles on the history of the death penalty and some excellent philosophical discussion of the subject. They have lots of documentaries regarding the War on Terror, War in Iraq, and related subjects, many of which may be viewed online.
Hinman's Ethics Updates.
History of Economic Thought (McMaster University).
This archive focuses not just on economics but on thinkers relevant to economics, so it includes a good many philosophical writings.
History of Economic Thought (New School University).
Same here as with McMaster above. They have a nice page on my buddy Thomas Hobbes.
U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Online Library of Liberty.
The Liberty Fund has created an online archive of texts, many with philosophical interest--for example, the complete works of Plato and political and ethical works by Aristotle.
The Philosophers' Magazine.
In your copious free time, try one of their philosophical games.
Philosophy News Service.
Philosophy and Theory Page.
This is part of Jack Purcell's Eclectic Diner at Middle Tennessee State University.
Philosophy Now: a Magazine of Ideas.
Philosophy Pathways.
This is a portal leading to a cluster of philosophy-related sites including an online journal with articles by amateur and professional philosophers, an "ask a philosopher" service, and access to philosophy-related search engines.
Philosophy Talk.
This web page for a philosophy radio show has an archive of past programs you can listen to, which sometimes deal with timely issues like freedom of speech.
Pictures of some famous philosophers.
Snopes.com.
Long ago, David Hume pointed out how tempting it may be to believe in extraordinary happenings. Today, we are enticed to believe amazing, scary or gross stories that circulate by word of mouth, the internet, etc. This site is dedicated to investigating, and sometimes debunking, odd or sensational claims, such as the rumor that a human finger was found in a can of menudo. Valuable for checking peculiar "facts."
The Stoic Place.
US Department of State: Introduction to the US System.
Web Page Evaluation Guide.
This page quickly lays out five important criteria for discerning whether the web pages you find might be useful. The criteria are not a sure-fire way to tell the good stuff from the sewage, but they're helpful. They're part of a larger article available here.
The White House.
News and information from the executive branch of government. Since President Obama took office, the old Bush Administration site has been moved here.

Supersites.
Academic Info's Philosophy Resources.
When you click on a link you'll find a blue area with advertisers' links on it. Scroll down past them to find the philosophy material.
American Philosophical Association.
Look closely at the lists of links running down the left. Scroll down to "Resources" to find the most useful stuff, especially their Web Resources page.
The Chinese University of Hong Kong's Research Institute for the Humanities Philosophy Page.
Stephen Darwall's Not-Yet-Cool Home Page
.
Darwall's course pages contain lots of interesting resources.
Episteme links.
19,000+ links, plus t-shirts!
Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base.
Dr. Jan Garrett's Ethics Links.
Be sure to read Garrett's helpful note, "On Using the Material You Do Find."
Guide to Philosophy on the Internet.
This page (no longer maintained by its author) is enormous. Click here for a version of the same page that loads more quickly, but is harder to browse.
The Internet History Sourcebooks Project.
Paul Halsall at Fordham University is compiling a trove of historical information regarding, and texts from, various periods and places, such as the Internet Ancient History Sourcebook, the Internet Medieval Sourcebook, and the Internet Modern History Sourcebook, which include many important philosophical texts, plus lots of other Sourcebooks on women, Africa, Jews, GLBTs, etc.
The Marxists.org Internet Archive.
This archive includes lots of writings by people relevant to Marxism whether or not they were Marxists themselves, including the Jean-Paul Sartre Internet Archive.
New Advent
Large trove of information about Christianity from a Catholic perspective, including the Catholic Encyclopedia, an archive of works by Church Fathers, including Aquinas' monumental Summa Theologica, etc.
The Online Books Page.
Free online books on many subjects. Here's their list of Philosophy books.
Philosophy Around the Web.
UC Irvine Library's Philosophy Subject Guide.
Some of the links are restricted to UCI students, but many are not.
Voice of the Shuttle's Philosophy Page.
The WWW Virtual Library: Philosophy.


Military matters (see also Law resources).

US Air Force Air University.
American military policy places heavy emphasis on the use of air power, so understanding air power and US military thinking about it is helpful for understanding modern warfare. The Air University is "a major component of Air Education and Training Command and is the Air Force’s center for professional military education." It includes the Air & Space Power Journal. It also includes the Air War College, which includes a military-oriented internet portal with many, many links to such resources as a military index to the internet (with a handy acronym finder but also serious resources such as official reports on Abu Ghraib), links regarding military history, law, and doctrine, and links regarding military theorists, theory, and strategy. For example, you can find an online copy of Col. John Warden III's very influential book, The Air Campaign: Planning for Combat which was used to plan the air component of Desert Storm.
US Army War College.
The War College is a sort of graduate school for senior military officers. It includes the Strategic Studies Institute, which publishes analyses of various defense-related issues.
Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors.
The CCCO was formed during the Vietnam war to support draftees opposed to fighting in it. Since the end of the draft, CCCO still supports members of the military who want out, and also seeks to inform potential military recruits about the risks of enlistment.
The Combating Terrorism Center.
At the US Military Academy at West Point, the Center includes resources such as the Militant Ideology Atlas and the CTC Sentinel, which gives access to a regular journal on terrorism and links to a number of other web resources on terrorism and anti-terrorism.
Crimes of War.
"The Crimes of War Project is a collaboration of journalists, lawyers and scholars dedicated to raising public awareness of the laws of war and their application to situations of conflict."
DefenseTech.
US Department of Defense: DefenseLink.
News, press releases, briefings, photos, publications, casualty reports, policy statements, etc. from the Pentagon.
US DoD: Army Science Board.
US DoD: Army Training and Doctrine Command.
US DoD: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
DARPA is famous for dreaming up new ideas and offering money to have them brought to life (or death as the case may be). For example, they're currently working on ways to enable soldiers to climb walls the way bugs do.
US DoD: Defense Science Board.
Ethics of War.
Introductions to the ethics of war (often called Just War Theory) can be found here at the BBC and Wikipedia. Such sources are useful for a quick orientation but generally are not sufficient as sources for assignments.
Evatt Foundation.
This site contains commentary on various political and social issues, but I include it here because I've found some intelligent commentary on recent wars here, such as Michael Klare's analysis of the motives behind the Iraq invasion, "The Coming War with Iraq," and Michael Scott Doran's important discussion of intra-Islamic politics, which argues that America's response to 9/11 has simply plopped us into the middle of "Somebody Else's Civil War."
Federation of American Scientists.
"The Federation of American Scientists (FAS) was formed in 1945 by atomic scientists from the Manhattan Project who felt that scientists, engineers and other innovators had an ethical obligation to bring their knowledge and experience to bear on critical national decisions." For example, on part of their "DoD 101" section you can learn interesting details about the highly controversial cluster bomb. There is a large trove of information related to intelligence gathering in the "war on terror" in their Intelligence Resource Program.
A Force More Powerful.
An organization devoted to non-violent means of conflict resolution. The site includes a list of 198 non-violent strategies and methods.
Frontline.
Frontline is a PBS documentary series with an accompanying web page containing lots of interesting material on a variety of topics. For example, The Execution has articles on the history of the death penalty and some excellent philosophical discussion of the subject. They have lots of documentaries regarding the War on Terror, War in Iraq, and related subjects, many of which may be viewed online.
The Geneva Conventions.
This Reference Guide to the Geneva Conventions provides a subject index for looking up particular provisions as well as giving access to the full texts of the Conventions. Some discussion of the Conventions, as well as links to related materials, can be found in Wikipedia's article on the Conventions.
Global Security.
Large source of information related to security: news, information about weapon systems, intelligence, etc. For example, you can find a collection of Army Field Manuals here.
US Government Accountability Office.
The GAO examines, evaluates, and reports on government offices, programs, and policies, including those related to national security (war, terrorism, etc.) You can find their reports organized by topic, for example.
Human Rights Watch.
International human rights organization with a broad range of concerns including the conduct of warfare. For example, they have an extensive report on civilian casualties in the Iraq war.
Iraq War Resources.
A few interesting sites are: CostOfWar.com, which tracks in real time how much the war is costing; Iraq Coalition Casualty Count, which tracks military casualties, and Iraq Body Count, which gives a conservative estimate of civilian casualties. Extensive official justifications for the invasion can of course be found via the Pentagon's DefenseLink and the White House (see), especially President Bush's West Point graduation speech of 2002, his speech of October 7, 2002 and the National Security Strategy of the United States.
Just War Theory.
Discussions of JWT can be found in lots of places. Some relatively sophisticated and credible discussions--along with lots of references for further reading--may be found in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (see for example, "Just War Theory") and the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (see, for example, "War"). JustWarTheory.com is a page containing lots of annotated links to classical and contemporary discussions of JWT and various war-related topics (and you can buy t-shirts identifying you as a non-combatant, just in case).
Law of Armed Conflict.
This is part of the University of Minnesota's large Human Rights Library.
The Laws of War.
This collection of Hague and Geneva Conventions is part of Yale University's Avalon Project, a large collection of historical documents in law, history, and diplomacy.
Mideast Web.
This site claims to provide "Balanced Middle East News, Facts & Views." It also contains information about, and pronouncements from, Osama bin Laden, including his 1996 "Declaration of War against the Americans Occupying the Land of the Two Holy Places." It also contains a good deal of information about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Military Review magazine.
Published by the US Army's Combined Arms Center at Fort Leavnworth.
Missile Defense Agency.
These are the folks developing our National Missile Defense.
National Defense Intelligence College.
Part of the Pentagon's Defense Intelligence Agency. They post some interesting publications.
National Security Archive.
"An independent non-governmental research institute and library located at The George Washington University, the Archive collects and publishes declassified documents obtained through the Freedom of Information Act. The Archive also serves as a repository of government records on a wide range of topics pertaining to the national security, foreign, intelligence, and economic policies of the United States."
Project on Defense Alternatives.
Large collection of articles on military subjects, with links to collections devoted to particular topics such as China, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the revolution in military affairs, terrorism & counterterrorism, etc.
Project Ploughshares.
"Project Ploughshares was established in 1976 as an agency of the Canadian Council of Churches to give practical expression to the fulfilment of God's call to bear witness to peace, reconciliation, and non-violence and to contribute to the building of a national and international order that will serve the goals of peace with justice, freedom, and security for all." The organization's name is a reference to Isaiah 2:4.
Public International Law & Policy Group.
Extensive resources on peace-building and international justice, including war crimes.
The Sandbox.
"Welcome to The Sandbox, our command-wide milblog, featuring comments, anecdotes, and observations from service members currently deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. This is GWOT-lit's forward position, offering those in-country a chance to share their experiences and reflections with the rest of us."
Small Wars Journal.
The Search for International Terrorist Entities.
Stratfor--Strategic Forecasting.
Much of the information on this commercial site requires a paid subscription, but there is also a good deal of informed opinion about worldwide political issues, terrorism, and public policy, some in the form of free podcasts and some in the form of free e-mailed bulletins.
The White House.
The White House archive of speeches, press conferences, fact sheets, executive orders, etc. It covers only the current administration; for the Bush Administration site, go here.

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